Daniel E. Kremens, MD, JD

Experts debate the challenges of carbidopa/levodopa, and the relation between levodopa and the gut.

Panelists describe the motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, linking symptoms to OFF episodes, and how to educate patients.

A discussion on how patients are evaluated for OFF episodes, by expert neurologists.

Physicians explain expected versus unexpected OFF episodes and the use of symptom diaries in managing Parkinson’s disease.

Key opinion leaders provide insight on how OFF episodes affect patients’ quality of life.

Expert neurologists discuss why OFF episodes happen and how soon they occur after starting levodopa.

Panelists have a conversation on the definition of OFF episodes in relation to Parkinson’s disease and how common OFF episodes are for patients.