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Test your neurology knowledge with NeurologyLive®'s weekly quiz series, featuring questions on a variety of clinical and historical neurology topics. This week's topic is on CGRP medications to treat migraine.

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Expert Insights on Novel NMOSD Treatments

Meningococcal Infection and NMOSD

Video content above is prompted by the following:

Discuss the risk of meningococcal infection with eculizumab and ravulizumab in phase 3 and long-term extension studies.

There may be concerns with meningococcal vaccination and its impact on relapse activity. What is your interpretation of these data?

Three medical experts explore key insights on novel treatments for NMOSD, focusing on relapse management, disability accumulation, and the efficacy of new versus traditional therapies.

This discussion covers the factors leading to relapses and recurring attacks in NMOSD, how disease severity and relapses contribute to disability accumulation, and their impact on patients' quality of life.

Relapses and Disability Accumulation in NMOSD

This discussion examines how disability accumulation may be influenced by the use of less efficacious treatments, compares the efficacy of novel and traditional NMOSD agents in clinical practice, and reviews relapse rates associated with FDA-approved treatments versus off-label and older therapies.

Treatments With Higher Efficacy and Relapses in NMOSD

This discussion examines the 138-week data on ravulizumab for NMOSD, focusing on long-term relapse rates, and share practical tips for effective NMOSD management in clinical settings.

Ravulizumab Long-Term Data and Management of NMOSD

Jacqueline Nicholas, MD, MPH, discusses the evolution of NMOSD pathophysiology understanding and the critical role of the complement system in its development.

The Evolving Understanding of NMOSD Pathophysiology and the Role of Complement System

Jacqueline Nicholas, MD, MPH, discusses available treatment options for NMOSD, including management of acute phases, relapses, and symptom control, as well as how both traditional and newer therapies address different aspects of NMOSD pathophysiology.

Treatment Options to Manage and Prevent Relapses in NMOSD

Jacqueline Nicholas, MD MPH discusses the importance of targeting NMOSD through different mechanisms of action and highlight key points for communicating with neurologists about the role of the complement system in the disease.

Importance of Diverse Mechanisms of Action to Effectively Treat NMOSD

Sean Pittock, MD, discusses how complement inhibitors are positioned in the treatment landscape of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, providing an overview of ravulizumab, the most recent FDA-approved treatment, including its development rationale, half-life, dosing regimen, and new signals from the recently presented 138-week long-term extension data at EAN 2024.



Complement Inhibitors in NMOSD

Sean Pittock, MD, discusses the risks of meningococcal infection associated with eculizumab and ravulizumab in phase 3 and long-term extension studies, as well as his interpretation of the concerns surrounding meningococcal vaccination and its potential impact on relapse activity.


Sean Pittock, MD, discusses the long-term efficacy and safety results of other FDA-approved treatments for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, including satralizumab, inebilizumab, and the off-label use of rituximab.

Long-term NMOSD Data

Sean Pittock, MD, discusses how he utilizes long-term data in his clinical practice for treating neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and offers advice for physicians on incorporating these insights into patient care.

Use of Long-term NMOSD Data in Clinical Practice

Eculizumab and ravulizumab, complement inhibitors used in treating paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, have been associated with an increased risk of meningococcal infections. Phase 3 and long-term extension studies highlight the importance of meningococcal vaccination in patients receiving these therapies. Despite vaccination, breakthrough infections can occur, necessitating vigilant monitoring and prophylactic measures. The data suggest that while vaccination is crucial, it may not completely mitigate the risk of infection, and its impact on disease relapse activity remains an area requiring further investigation.

 video series brings together pairs of expert clinicians and physicians to independently provide their insights on the latest and most up-to-date clinical care for specific neurologic diseases and disorders.

Meningococcal Infection and NMOSD

Key Takeaways

EP: 1.Relapses and Disability Accumulation in NMOSD

EP: 2.Treatments With Higher Efficacy and Relapses in NMOSD

EP: 3.Ravulizumab Long-Term Data and Management of NMOSD

EP: 4.The Evolving Understanding of NMOSD Pathophysiology and the Role of Complement System

EP: 5.Treatment Options to Manage and Prevent Relapses in NMOSD

EP: 6.Importance of Diverse Mechanisms of Action to Effectively Treat NMOSD

EP: 7.Complement Inhibitors in NMOSD

EP: 8.Meningococcal Infection and NMOSD

EP: 9.Long-term NMOSD Data

EP: 10.Use of Long-term NMOSD Data in Clinical Practice